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What Causes Back Pain and Cramping During the Monthly Cycle?

Every woman has experienced cramps and pain around her abdomen during or before their period. It may happen before your period, as an unwanted reminder, or during your period, leaving you exhausted and silly until it ends.

Girls typically experience violence during the first few years after the start of the period. As you grow older, these diseases generally decrease in intensity and may disappear completely after the birth of your first child.

Inflammation can be a monthly relief for your period or may be rare, and the pain from these cramps can be mild or severe. Emotional stress can increase your chances of experiencing cramps during the next menstrual cycle.

The medical term for menstrual cramps is dysmenorrhea. Incidentally, dysmenorrhea is the most common cause of absence from school among adolescents.

Dysmenorrhea is of two types - one in which the pain is only caused by a change in the cycle of your uterus as part of your period, or it may be due to a disorder in your pelvic area. The pelvis is the lower part of your abdomen that houses your uterus, ovaries, cervix and vagina.

Why did they happen?

Each month, your uterus builds a new layer of tissue, ready for fertilized egg delivery. If the eggs are not fertilized, the coating is shed along with the non fertilized eggs. When this happens, certain molecules are released that can cause painful, temporary contraction of the uterine muscles.

Current research suggests that menstrual cramps are the result of increased prostaglandins during your monthly cycle.

Prostaglandins are small compounds that may act to increase or decrease blood vessels, and stimulate the muscles to contract. In these cases, these molecules cause the blood vessels in the uterus to shrink, thereby lowering blood flow to the uterus while inducing prolonged muscle contraction in the uterus.

To add to this, the hormones produced by the pituitary gland (small glands that sit beneath the brain) make the uterus more sensitive to prostaglandins during your period.

Therefore, some women whose reproductive organs are more sensitive to prostaglandins have a more severe spasm than women whose organs are not sensitive to prostaglandins.

Certain factors may increase your risk of serious cramps during the period:

- Early age in menarche (first period), usually if less than 12 years
- During menstruation
- Heavy flow
- Smoking

In some cases, family history, obesity and even alcohol use have been associated with increased risk of menstrual cramps.

The diagnosis of dysmenorrhea usually depends on the symptom being explained by the woman herself. There are no routine tests to measure contraction or pain.

Dysmenorrhea caused by other diseases of your reproductive organs may be due to various conditions, including:

- Endometriosis
- Ovarian and tumor disease
- Fibroid
- Polip
- Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
- Intra-uterine device (IUD)
- Anatomic abnormalities of the uterus (for example, your uterus may lean back and not lie)

It is important to consult your doctor if pain is not relieved by over the counter medications, gradually worsening or leaving you unable to get around with your regular activities. Initially, the clinic may perform ultrasonography if pelvic disease is suspected.

Symptoms

You may already know how it feels, but most women experience the following:

- Prevents or relieves pain in the lower abdomen, which may radiate to your inner thighs, back
- Courage, pressure or bloated stomach
- If it's bad, vomit and nausea
- loose stools or constipation

Managing dysmenorrhea

Over the counter medications such as aspirin, ibuprofen or other painkillers can alleviate mild dysmenorrhea.

Placing hot water bags or bottles can also help relieve pain.

Exercise regularly releases endorphins, and can help reduce long-term menstrual cramps in the long run.

In addition, you can do the following to reduce the severity of cramps:

- Avoid caffeine, alcohol or smoking
- Massage you back down and stomach
- Rest when needed

If these measures do not alleviate the pain and cramps or severe cramps, you may want to see a doctor who can advise on additional medications such as oral contraceptive pills or prescription grade painkillers. He or she may also recommend a thorough pelvic examination to check your vagina, cervix and uterus to ensure there is no abnormality. Small samples of your vaginal fluid can also be taken if necessary.

If cramps are not caused by your period, proper care should be taken as most causes of dysentery can be treated by medical therapy.



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